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A Very Sicilian Justice: Taking on the Mafia - ALJAZEERA Englisch Doku
Giovanni Falcone , an anti-Mafia judge murdered by the Sicilian Mafia in , objected to the conflation of the term "Mafia" with organized crime in general:.
While there was a time when people were reluctant to pronounce the word "Mafia" I am no longer willing to accept the habit of speaking of the Mafia in descriptive and all-inclusive terms that make it possible to stack up phenomena that are indeed related to the field of organized crime but that have little or nothing in common with the Mafia.
Scholars such as Diego Gambetta [17] and Leopoldo Franchetti have characterized the Sicilian Mafia as a "cartel of private protection firms", whose primary business is protection racketeering : they use their fearsome reputation for violence to deter people from swindling, robbing, or competing with those who pay them for protection.
For many businessmen in Sicily, they provide an essential service when they cannot rely on the police and judiciary to enforce their contracts and protect their properties from thieves this is often because they are engaged in black market deals.
The [Sicilian] mafia's principal activities are settling disputes among other criminals, protecting them against each other's cheating, and organizing and overseeing illicit agreements, often involving many agents, such as illicit cartel agreements in otherwise legal industries.
Scholars have observed that many other societies around the world have criminal organizations of their own that provide essentially the same protection service through similar methods.
For instance, in Russia after the collapse of Communism, the state security system had all but collapsed, forcing businessmen to hire criminal gangs to enforce their contracts and protect their properties from thieves.
These gangs are popularly called "the Russian Mafia" by foreigners, but they prefer to go by the term krysha. With the [Russian] state in collapse and the security forces overwhelmed and unable to police contract law, [ In his analysis of the Sicilian Mafia, Gambetta provided the following hypothetical scenario to illustrate the Mafia's function in the Sicilian economy.
Suppose a grocer wants to buy meat from a butcher without paying sales tax to the government. Because this is a black market deal, neither party can take the other to court if the other cheats.
The grocer is afraid that the butcher will sell him rotten meat. The butcher is afraid that the grocer will not pay him.
If the butcher and the grocer can't get over their mistrust and refuse to trade, they would both miss out on an opportunity for profit.
Their solution is to ask the local mafioso to oversee the transaction, in exchange for a fee proportional to the value of the transaction but below the legal tax.
If the butcher cheats the grocer by selling rotten meat, the mafioso will punish the butcher. If the grocer cheats the butcher by not paying on time and in full, the mafioso will punish the grocer.
Punishment might take the form of a violent assault or vandalism against property. The grocer and the butcher both fear the mafioso, so each honors their side of the bargain.
All three parties profit. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Type of organized crime enterprise. This article is about criminal organizations in general that may sometimes be referred to as "mafias".
For the original Mafia in Sicily, see Sicilian Mafia. For the action-adventure video game, see Mafia video game.
For other uses, see Mafia disambiguation. Main article: List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates. The American mafia is divided into different groups or "families".
Many large cities have only one Italian-American mafia family, but some larger cities like New York City have more. Many other American cities have Italian mafia families.
There are others as well, like the mafia groups in Russia that make money from drugs and weapons. All these groups operate in the United States, Canada , Australia , England and other Western countries and cause many problems in those countries and the countries they are from.
Everyone has a job to do. Some people are bosses and some are workers. However you can always work your way up the ladder of power, and respect.
Below is the hierarchy of an American mafia family. Each family will have a number of associates. These are people that work with them or for them but are not official members.
The mafia in New York began when thousands of Italians moved there in the late s and early s to find a better life. At this time many Irish and Germans also moved to the US for the same reasons.
Many of these people set up businesses or worked for businesses that were already there. Most earned very little money and some, who were tired of being poor, decided to earn money from crime, which was easier than earning money by working.
There were many Irish and Italian criminal groups in the city who would steal, extort and murder for money.
These groups were known all-together as "the Black Hand" but they did not actually work as one group called "the Black Hand"; there were many groups and they each worked on their own and the term "Black Hand" actually was the name of what these gangs did extortion , not their names.
In alcohol or liquor was made illegal in the US and the gangs had a new way to make money. They brought in illegal liquor from Canada and sold it in clubs.
They bribed police into letting them sell liquor which is also illegal and made millions of dollars from this because they were the only ones who had liquor and so could sell it at extremely high prices.
Around this time the gangs in New York became one large gang the Mafia as leaders of the gangs realized that more money could be made if all the gangs worked together.
A man named Giuseppe Masseria and a man named Salvatore Maranzano both wanted to become the boss of the newly made New York mafia.
Fighting, known as the "Castellammarese War", broke out between the two men and many of their soldiers were killed. Giuseppe Masseria's underboss was a man named Lucky Luciano who also wanted to control the New York mafia.
He met with Masseria's enemy Salvatore Maranzano and plotted to kill Masseria, his own boss. Masseria was shot to death in a restaurant in New York by Maranzano's soldiers; one of them was Vito Genovese - a man who would later become boss - this was also the end of the "Castellammarese War".
He called a meeting with the other "mafiosi" plural : Italian language for Mafia members from all over the US and made the rules that are still used today.
The bosses of the five families, particularly Luciano, began to grow tired of Maranzano's arrogance and the way he ran the mafia.
Maranzano realized this and planned to have Luciano and his "consigliere" and "underboss", Vito Genovese and Frank Costello , as well as others, killed.



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Elbisch Wörterbücher. Each player with a non-zero probability of being a seer or a werewolf performs the appropriate night actions which Bob Casino Bonus Code not be effective if it is later determined that the player did not have that role. Choose your language. Annals of Applied Probability. Download as PDF Printable version. This article is about criminal organizations in general that may sometimes be referred to as "mafias".





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